Focus group discussions are structured conversations among a small group of individuals aimed at exploring perceptions, attitudes, and opinions on a specific topic in a collaborative and interactive setting.
In-depth interviews are qualitative research techniques that involve in-depth conversations between a researcher and a participant, aimed at eliciting detailed insights, experiences, and perspectives on a particular topic.
Ethnographic research entails deeply embedding oneself within a specific cultural context to observe and understand the behaviors, beliefs, and interactions of its members, offering nuanced insights through participant observation and interviews.
A case study involves an in-depth examination of a particular individual, group, or phenomenon within its real-life context, aiming to provide detailed and contextualized insights into specific issues, behaviors, or outcomes.
Participant observation involves researchers immersing themselves in a social setting to observe and participate in the activities and interactions of the participants, enabling firsthand understanding of the context, behaviors, and dynamics within the studied group.
Document analysis involves systematically examining various types of textual, visual, or audio materials to uncover patterns, themes, and meanings within the documents, providing valuable insights into historical contexts, social phenomena, or organizational processes.